About oligos

A universal base is a modified nucleobase that can pair (non-selectively) with more than one of the standard DNA bases (A, T, G, C), ideally without significantly destabilizing the duplex or interfering with polymerase activity. Inosine is the most common universal base, although other possibilities exist: Common Universal Bases in Oligonucleotide Synthesis Name Description Base-Pairing

The degenerated base “N” and the universal base inosine (I) both serve to introduce base ambiguity in oligonucleotide synthesis, but they do so in different ways and are used in different contexts. Here’s a comparison: Inosine (I) vs. Degenerate Base “N” Feature Inosine (I) Degenerate Base “N” Chemical identity A real, single modified nucleotide A

Degen bases like dK and dP refer to synthetic, non-standard nucleobases used in molecular biology used in oligonucleotide synthesis — to allow degenerate (ambiguous) base pairing. They are alternatives to the classic “N” base, used to encode a mixture of A, T, G, C at a given position, but with greater control and performance in

Definition and Characteristics of Analog Bases Analog bases are chemically modified variants of the natural nucleotides—adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)—that retain their ability to form complementary base pairs while exhibiting distinct chemical and structural properties. Within sequencing workflows, such modifications can minimize amplification bias, improve detection through enhanced fluorescent signaling, or

Why choose alternative dyes instead of "genuine" dyes? First, they are cheaper, and second, they can give the same results. Another reason is that the number of suppliers who can provide modified oligonucleotides is restricted - only a patent or a licence owner is usually allowed to produce them.