Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate aerobic acid resistant rod-shaped bacterium which causes most of the cases of tuberculosis. The term Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex includes closely related bacteria causing the same clinical symptoms – M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti and M. canetti. Tuberculosis still remains a serious infectious disease, namely because of the rising occurrence of antituberculosis drug resistance and because of the increasing proportion of immunocompromised individuals in the human population, although a sophisticated system of inoculation and prevention exists.